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HISTORY, EDITORIALS, ANALYSES
On this page, a smattering of the following miscellaneous subjects: History, On Free Libya, After Liberation Editorials, Why Did Libya Rise Up in February 2011?, Regionalism and Tribalism, Non-violent Conflict Resolution, Libyan Students Abroad, Libya's Future, Pre-No-Fly-Zone, and Anti-Interventionist Arguments
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HISTORY
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Libya: Around 7000 Years Before Gaddafi
www.youtube.com/watch?v=UuFUsn0wmcM
Libya before the war
www.youtube.com/watch?v=4qRMN4WsWuc&fea...
Old Libyan ID
http://www.flickr.com/photos/libdas_gallery/94195237/
Libya before Feb17
www.youtube.com/watch?v=pMRxtRn-cTg
Interesting bit of info/history: Timeline of Libya (from 5 century b.c. thru
April 2011)
www.ntclibya.com/InnerPage.aspx?SSID=25...
Libya: History, Geography, Government, and Culture (pre-Gaddafi)
From
Berber-Tribes pre-7thC (BCE) – 1949 Independence
(INFOPLEASE WEBSITE)
www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0107722.html?pa...
Libya: History, Geography, Government, and Culture (The Gaddafi
Years)
From 1969 – 2011 (INFOPLEASE WEBSITE)
www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0107722.html?pa...
Libya’s tribal, cultural divisions
af.reuters.com/article/egyptNews/idAFL5...
Tribes and Libya’s future
www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y8bScU_SQoM
Tripoli: The Bride of The Mediterranean
www.temehu.com/Cities_sites/Tripoli.htm
Libya – Summary Profiles
U.S. Department of State Background Note (INFOPLEASE WEBSITE)
www.infoplease.com/country/profiles/lib...
Libya – Map (a good little general-place name map) (INFOPLEASE WEBSITE)
http;//www.infoplease.com/atlas/country/libya.html
6/1 Arab spring: an interactive timeline of Middle East protests
www.guardian.co.uk/world/interactive/20...
6/18 Libyan Jewish History
www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/97...
7/18 Election in Libya (1905) before Gadafi regime
youtube.com/watch?v=VHw441Mkah8&fea...
7/18 Libya’s independence in 1950 and the arrival of the UN,,استقلال ليبيا
سنة 1950
youtube.com/watch?v=JIlNStx-wQ0&fea...
7/18 1960′s Libya: A Glimpse of Life Before
Gaddafi
lightbox.time.com/2011/07/18/1960s-liby..
7/25 Paradise until the war’: foreign medics tell of the Libya they lost –
shabablibya.org/news/paradise-until-the...
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On Free Libya
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8/22 As stated:
http://www.dreamandhustle.com/6657/when-you-capture-that-gadhafi-clown-put-one-more-in-him-for-african-brothas-and-sistas
8/26 Ready on Day One – James Traub
http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/08/26/ready_for_day_one
8/27 The Birth of New LIbya
http://www.economist.com/node/21526892
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After Libya Liberation Day and G's Death
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10/21 Gaddafi: Death of an era, dawn of an era
http://english.aljazeera.net/indepth/opinion/2011/10/2011102151443683876.html
10/28 No Tears for Gaddafi
http://allafrica.com/stories/201110280214.html
10/28 Libyan "Crossfire" - (Tongue in Cheek, good article.)
http://www.humanevents.com/article.php?id=47155
11/7 New Yorker (in advance)
http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2011/11/07/111107fa_fact_anderson#ixzz1cOOCKOPf
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WHY DID LIBYA RISE UP IN FEBRUARY 2011???
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- Why Libya Rose-up When It Did ?
February 15 when an arrest of the dissident Fatih Tarbel sparked the
revolt
quote from, 13/3/11 Another dead freedom fighter in Libya. This one was
family. (Daily Kos)
www.dailykos.com/story/2011/03/13/95592...
About the revolution… from a libyan doc in uk
www.imtidad-blog.com/2011/04/libyan-re-...
5/16 EARLY REV how
grieving women sparked revolution
english.libya.tv/2011/05/16/how-grievin...
www.tweetdeck.com/twitter/IbnOmar2005/~...
Ibn Omar Ibn Omar Ibn Omar
Why is #Libya protesting against #Gaddafi?
tinyurl.com/2crw9ws
this is according to the WORLD ECONOMIC FORUM.
- Libya is
ranked SEVENTH in the WORLD
in the strength of their “macroeconomic environment”. SEVENTH. go to page 216 and look.
-and what did Gaddafi’s
“Jamahuriya State” bring us
- 111th ranked in the world in institutions. 95th ranked in the world in
infrastructure. ONE HUNDRED
FIFTEENTH in health and primary education. 95th in
higher education and training. 114th in technological readiness. does this make
sense in the SEVENTH STRONGEST MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT?
furthermore according to freedomhouse.org
tinyurl.com/6yxzxvq,
we are 192nd in the
world for freedom of speech.
THIS is why there is protests in Libya. Libya
should be one of the most developed countries in the world, but instead the
people live in FEAR in a backward society. libyans
have had it once and for all, the only thing holding them back was the fear. now
its gone.
7/18 “Why are you revolting? You have everything….”? The story of our Health
Care System.
facebook.com/notes/the-free-generat...
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REGIONALISM AND TRIBALISM – a few perspectives
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2/22 Ghost of King Idris Fighting Gaddafi in Libya – Originally posted at
(mideastnewswire)(but the site was down at the time of retrieval, 3/4/11
www.mideastnewswire.com/idris-gaddafi
Thus Google Cache only:
webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:q46w5aSTqyQJ:www.mideastnewswire.com/idris-gaddafi+mideastnewswire+idris-gaddafi&cd=2&hl=en&ct=clnk&client=mozilla&source=www.google.com
The Article is short, so I’ll paste it here. Basically, it summarizes some of
the (mis)understandings of Libya’s cultural heritage:
Ghost of King Idris Fighting Gaddafi in Libya
Written on February 22, 2011
by Salem Muhammod in (topics: Libya)
King Idris of LibyaIn case you might have missed the news Libya has moved
from Civil Unrest to a state of Civil War. As “protesters” took control of
Benghazi yesterday, Libyan air force jets bombed civilian targets in Tripoli as
well as sniping protesters from rooftops. There have been some serious
defections from the Gaddafi regime as two fighter pilots flew to Malta instead
of butchering fellow Libyans. The real question is why is Muammar Gaddafi
putting up such a fight against his own citizens. Let’s face it, there is one
thing to send riot police to battle protesters as Mubarak did, but fighting the
“protesters” as if they are an enemy army smacks of a brutality little seen in
the world today.
To understand what is going on in Libya, one must have at least a general
background knowledge of its make up. “Colonel” Gaddafi took over Libya 40 years
ago at the age of 27 he did so as part of a group of Junior army officers. He
dethroned King Idris and reduced the Crown Prince to the level of a “peasant.”
Libya, being a product of European colonial expansion in North Africa is really
three tribal areas smacked together. These three formally separate areas
Tripolitania, Fezzan, and Cyrenaica were combined to make what is known today as
Libya. Now you can probably guess that these tribal areas don’t really like each
other so much.
What makes this important also is that King Idris (born Sayyid Muhammad Idris
bin Sayyid Muhammad al-Mahdi al-Senussi), the first and only king of Libya was
from Cyrenaica a distinct region in Eastern Libya. He had been appointed Amir of
Cyrenaica by the British and had fought for an Independent Cyrenaica. When the
three regions of Tripolitania, Fezzan, and Cyrenaica merged in 1951 and gained
independence from Italy he became King.
Gaddafi was born in Sert and was not a Cyrenian, but rather from the region
of Tripolitania. Qaddafi and those in his support base are from Tripolitania
region and are of a different tribal make up than those in Cyrenaica. When
Qaddafi overthrew the King he essentially was taking away power from the tribes
in Cyrenaica and placing the power with his tribes in Tripolitania.
What’s going on today is that those tribes and and indigenous Berbers located
in the Eastern half of Libya known as Cyrenaica have decided to take back what
is rightfully theirs and what Gaddafi and the tribes backing him have stolen
from them. These are no “protesters” but Libyans belonging to oppressed classes
and tribes that are willing to fight to return back to the seat of power of the
country that was once theirs. This is why Gaddafi is fighting so strongly. He
doesn’t consider them part of “His” Libya and is frightened at Cyrenians gaining
control of the country.
More than that and something to ponder, but these types of conflicts would
have and could have been avoided if boundaries in the modern post colonial
Africa would have respected tribal allegiances and not the interests of foreign
powers.
3/21 Libya: Cyrenaica vs. Tripolitania? by John R. Houk – The NeoConservative
Christian Right – Neoconservative Politics and Christian Right – (WORDPRESS
BLOG)
oneway2day.wordpress.com/2011/03/21/lib...
2/24 Libya’s Split Between Cyrenaica and Tripolitania – (STRATFOR – Global Intelligence)
This article is only available for emailed access via:
www.stratfor.com/memberships/185873/geo...
or a Google Cache version here:
webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:-cGLvd6csGEJ:www.stratfor.com/geopolitical_diary/20110223-libyas-split-between-cyrenaica-and-tripolitania+stratfor+Libya%92s+Split+Between+Cyrenaica+and+Tripolitania&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&source=www.google.com
Or
you can read it Here
Libya’s Split Between Cyrenaica and Tripolitania
Compared to the past few days in Libya that were marked by aerial
bombardments on opposition strongholds, bizarre speeches by Libyan leader
Moammar Gadhafi and deadly clashes between protesters and African mercenaries,
Wednesday was eerily quiet in the North African country.
The reason behind this apparent sense of quietude is because Libya is
currently stuck in a historical east-west stalemate, with the threat of civil
war looming.
The Gadhafi regime has effectively lost control of the east, where opposition
forces are concentrated in and around the cities of Benghazi and Al Baida. The
opposition is also encroaching on Libya’s dividing line, the energy-critical
Gulf of Sidra, with the directors of several subsidiaries of the state-owned
National Oil Corporation announcing they were splitting from Gadhafi and joining
the people.
To the west, Gadhafi and his remaining allies appear to be digging in for a
fight. Residents in Tripoli, many of whom turned on Gadhafi after witnessing the
gratuitous violence used on protesters, are reportedly stockpiling arms, unsure
of what will come next, but expecting the worst.
A swath of nearly 500 miles of desert lies between the opposition and Gadhafi
strongholds. And herein lies the historical challenge in ruling Libya: the split
between ancient Tripolitania and Cyrenaica. The Cyrenaica region has a long and
rich history, dating back to the 7th Century B.C. This is a region that has seen
many rulers, including Greeks, Romans, Persians, Egyptians, Ottomans, Italians
and British, and has long been at odds with the rival power base of
Tripolitania, founded by the Phoenicians. At the time of Libya’s independence
and through the reign of King Idris I (whose base of power was Cyrenaica), Libya
was ruled by two capitals, Tripoli in the west and Benghazi in the east. For
most Cyrenaics, Benghazi — and not Tripoli — is seen as their true capital.
It was not until Col. Moammar Gadhafi’s 1969 military coup that overthrew the
monarchy that the Tripolitanians could truly claim dominance over the fledgling
Libyan state. But in a country divided by myriad dialects, tribes and ancient
histories, Tripolitanian power could only be held through a complex alliance of
tribes, the army’s loyalty and an iron fist.
Gadhafi thus finds himself in a serious dilemma, with what appears to be a
winnowing number of army units and tribes remaining loyal to him in Tripoli and
Sirte, his tribal homeland located on the western edge of the Gulf of Sidra.
Under such circumstances, it is difficult to see how Gadhafi will be able to
project power militarily to the east to retake the resource-rich territory and
ultimately save his regime. It is equally difficult at the moment to imagine a
contingent of opposition forces from the east charging across the desert and
successfully retaking Tripoli. Even if a coup is attempted by Tripolitanians in
the west against Gadhafi, the successor will face an extraordinary challenge in
trying to exert control over the rest of the country to resolve the east-west
split. When it comes to the Tripolitania-Cyrenaica divide, neither side is
likely to make a move until they feel confident about their ability to co-opt or
destroy enough forces on the enemy side.
A period of negotiations must first take place, as the Cyrenaica-based
opposition forces attempt to reach a political understanding with forces already
in Tripoli, who may already have ideas of their own on how to eliminate Gadhafi.
That way, if they do move forces, they will at least have prior arrangements
that they are not going to be challenged and ideally can be logistically
supported from stocks in Tripoli. This explains the current quietude, as each
side maneuvers in negotiations and conserves forces.
Whether those negotiations actually lead somewhere is another question.
Gadhafi may be losing more credibility by the day, but he appears to be gambling
on two things: that he can retain enough military and tribal support to make the
cost of invading Tripoli too high for the opposition to attempt, and that the
foreign bystanders to this conflict will be too fearful of the consequences of
his regime collapsing.
The fear of the unknown is what is keeping the main external stakeholders in
this conflict in limbo at the moment. From the U.S. president to the CEO of Italian energy firm ENI,
nobody appears willing to rush a regime collapse that could very well result in
civil war. This may explain the notably vague statements coming out of Tuesday’s
U.N. Security Council meetings that focused on condemning the violence and not
much else, as well as U.S. President Barack Obama’s statement on Wednesday, in
which he said, “I have asked my administration to prepare a full range of
options. This includes unilateral options, those with partners and those with
international organizations.”
It is no coincidence that to this day, not a single leading opposition figure
in Libya can be named. This is a testament to Gadhafi’s strategy of
consolidating power: to prevent the creation of alternative bases of power and
keep the institutions around him, including the army, deliberately weak. Without
a clear alternative, and with Libya fundamentally divided, there is no Plan B
for the Gadhafi regime that generates much enthusiasm.
And so we wait. Opposition forces in the east will conduct quiet negotiations
in the west to determine who will defect and who will resist; the United States
and Italy will be lobbied endlessly by the opposition to enforce a no-fly zone
over the country; the external powers will continue to deliberate among a
severely limited number of bad options; and Gadhafi and his remaining allies
will dig in for the fight.
If neither side can acquire the force strength to make a move, Libya will
return to its historic split between Tripolitania and Cyrenaica with separate
bases of power. If one side takes a gamble and makes a move, civil war is likely
to ensue. Sometimes it really is that simple.
3/30 The myth of tribal Libya: Portraying Libya as ‘tribal’ is not only wrong
– it dismisses the notion that our uprising has anything to do with national
dignity (THE GUARDIAN –
COMMENTS)
www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2011/m...
5/2 Tribes to play a role in future of Libya, but not the whole picture
feb17.info/news/clans-to-help-shape-lib...
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NON-VIOLENT CONFLICT RESOLUTION (not this time….)
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3/29 Hamza Yusuf on Tyrants and Dictators
www.youtube.com/watch?v=lFhBoHTIR00
4/2 peacebuilding model
www.csmonitor.com/World/Global-Issues/2...
NON-VIOLENCE THEORY
Gene Sharp on Dictatorship to Democracy
aeinstein.org/organizations49f3.html
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LIBYAN STUDENTS ABROAD
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4/23 LIBYAN STUDENTS in
US and Canada etc etc without funding now
youtube.com/watch?v=B1GLA67DtMQ&
5/7 Libyan students in us face deportation
www.9news.com/news/article/197366/339/L...
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LIBYA'S FUTURE
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4/27 Long-term planning wael natah
english.libya.tv/2011/04/27/visions-of-…
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
PRE- NO FLY ZONE
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
3/2 AJE – Debating the no-fly zone –
Features
english.aljazeera.net/indepth/features/…
3/7 USA & NATO
Insurrection and Military Intervention: The US-NATO
Attempted Coup d’Etat in Libya?
globalresearch.ca/index.php?context...
3/8 NPR – A Tug Of War Over U.S. Military Options
In Libya
npr.org/2011/03/08/134367056/a-tug-...
3/10 France wants NFZ – Letter from the PM and
President Sarkozy to President Van Rompuy
number10.gov.uk/news/statements-and...
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ANTI-INTERVENTIONIST ARGUMENTS
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3/12 After Bombing Libya, What Now?
huffingtonpost.com/eric-margolis/af...
3/30 ? Chinese President Criticizes France About Libya Bombing Chinese
President Hu Jintao has warned that coalition airstrikes on Libya could violate
the spirit of the UN resolution on the North African country if civilians are
killed in the process.
voanews.com/english/news/Chinese-Pr...
3/? Brazil’s opinion
english.aljazeera.net/indepth/opinion/2…
3/? Al-Queda, Al-infinitum
csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/201...
4/2 (What’s with the Cockburns?)
independent.co.uk/opinion/commentat...
4/2 a not-so-pretty picture, clearly biased, but, how much is true??? Asia
times
atimes.com/atimes/Middle_East/MD02A...=...&at_xt=4d97f2085f26a027,0
5/18 Britain has slid into every interventionist fallacy
guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2011/m...
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
OTHER MISCELLANEOUS INTERNATIONAL SUBJECTS and ANALYSES
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
3/11 After Bombing Libya, What Now? (The Huffington Post) Senoussi Tribe
mentioned
www.huffingtonpost.com/eric-margolis/af...
4/02 The accordion war: Why does the front in Libya keep moving back and
forth?
revolutionology.wordpress.com/2011/04/0...
4/12 Fareed on the de facto partition of Libya
globalpublicsquare.blogs.cnn.com/2011/0...
4/12 INTERNATIONAL – on the ethics of engagement
with dictatorships – Saif and Dani Rodrik
project-syndicate.org/commentary/ro...
4/26 Libya: Why John McCain Thinks the West Can Still Win
mcaf.ee/mj5ev
4/27 Long-term planning wael natah
english.libya.tv/2011/04/27/visions-of-...
5/03 Room to Grow: Free Libya’s Emergent Civil Society (blog)
“Who’s
actually running things in free Libya?”
blog.bridging-the-divide.org/news/room-...
Libya’s postponed democracy
english.aljazeera.net/indepth/opinion/2…
APRIL Car wars: Roadmaps to Libya’s ground
conflict
english.aljazeera.net/indepth/opinion/2…
(date?) Special from Libya: Expectations high for rebel advance on easte
front.
“We expect a sudden collapse of the Qadhafi regime,” says Suleiman.
“You may hear it at any time. His inner circle is so small and
constricted.”
almasryalyoum.com/en/node/439777
5/17 East Libyans split on foreign troop intervention, Libyans in rebel-held
areas are split over whether they would accept foreign troops on their soil,
with most only willing to accept their presence in a supporting
role.
af.reuters.com/article/libyaNews/idAFLD…
5/17 Editorial // Libya: Caught in a vice – Airstrikes and arrest warrants
may suggest the jaws are closing around Gaddafi – but they could just as easily
be losing their grip
guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2011/m...
5/17 Opinion – Assad 10 years on, from Peter Mandelson, House of Lords,
UK
guardian.co.uk/world/2011/may/17/as...
5/17 Opinion Article – Writing the Middle East’s new narrative
www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/writing...
5/18 ? Abdel Basset Ali al-Megrahi, is the only person who was convicted in
the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 on Dec. 21, 1988. On Aug. 20, 2009, the
Scottish government released him on compassionate
grounds.
topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timest…
5/19 Analysis – The Limits of Military Force
nytimes.com/2011/05/19/opinion/19ih...
5/19 Analysis- The Killing Seas
nytimes.com/2011/05/19/opinion/19lu...
5/18 Analysis – In the Theatre of the Absurd, Libya Now Takes Centre
Stage
newdawnmagazine.com/articles/in-the...
5/23/2011 USA, analysis of US role
video.foxnews.com/v/956116606001/sen-mc...
5/27 Cameron: ‘Momentum building against Gaddafi’
www.youtube.com/watch?v=8vGjtyVeHxk
6/2 LIBYA – Not war at all? Analysis
guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/cifame...
6/19 The Revolution Business – World : Democratic change has been demanded across the Middle East. But was what seems like a spontaneous revolution actually a strategically planned event, fabricated by ‘revolution consultants’ long in advance?……..(This is roughly 1/2 hr, docu)
www.youtube.com/watch?v=lpXbA6yZY-8&fea...
6/29 Google chairman warns of censorship after Arab Spring
www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-1393...
6/30 Editorial The Libya Campai
www.nytimes.com/2011/07/01/opinion/01fr...
6.30 Analysts blame faulty assumptions for prolonged Libya war
edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/06/29...
7/2 Op Ed: How to depose Kadafi
feb17.info/editorials/how-to-depose-kad...
“The Least Free Places on Earth, 2011” full report here:
t.co/Ua87zUv
#Libya is second only to NORTH Korea.or
www.freedomhouse.org/uploads/special_re...
7/5 Is the endgame near in Libya?
news.yahoo.com/endgame-near-libya-10350...
7/5 Op-Ed: Libya – The Stolen Revolution
www.digitaljournal.com/article/308744
7/5 FRUSTRATION AS FIGHTERS WAIT FOR NEXT MOVE:NATO BELIEVES GADDAFI WILL BE FINISHED WITHIN THE NEXT 100 DAYS:
www.petercliffordonline.com/libya
7/5 Libya’s amazing disappearing dictator
fullcomment.nationalpost.com/2011/07/05...
7/8 Carmichael Resident Speaks on Revolution in Libya
carmichael.patch.com/articles/carmichae...
7/12 / At a glance: Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
www.unicef.org/infobycountry/laj_59204....
7/13 Preparing for a new Libya
www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/prepari...
7/18 ‘Gaddafi ruthless, Egyptian army can help get rid of him’
youtube.com/watch?v=PNsWkdRmtR4&
7/18 Free Libya’s new airport: a mountain
highway
cencio4.wordpress.com/2011/07/18/free-l…
7/20 So who are Libya’s rebels exactly? With the US expanding ties – and
possibly aid – to the Libyan rebels fighting Muammar Qaddafi, it’s a question a
lot of people are asking. But it isn’t an easy one to answer.
feb17.info/news/so-who-are-libyas-rebel...
7/21 Qaddafi could step down and stay? That’s not going to happen.
www.csmonitor.com/World/Backchannels/20...
7/21 Analysis: Diplomacy struggles to break Libya standoff
www.reuters.com/article/2011/07/21/us-l...
7/22 Covering The Ongoing Struggle In Libya
www.npr.org/2011/07/22/138619934/coveri...
7/22 Analysis: Diplomacy struggles to break Libya standoff
news.yahoo.com/analysis-diplomacy-strug...
7/22 Diplomacy fails to resolve Libyan crisis
arabnews.com/opinion/columns/article476...
7/22 Aujali: ‘I Don’t Believe Gadhafi Will Go Alive"
www.youtube.com/watch?v=2VsNnw8Ot3M&
7/23 Technical woes may delay Libya oil restart
www.marketwatch.com/story/technical-woe...
7/24 Patrick Cockburn: Nato in Libya has failed to learn costly lessons of
Afghanistan
www.independent.co.uk/opinion/commentat...
7/25 When Dictators Shoot Back
www.newsweek.com/2011/07/24/has-arab-sp...
7/26 Libye – L’Otan est dans une « impasse »: aveu….de l’Otan.(NATO
is in a “stalemate”: admitted …. NATO)
allainjules.com/2011/07/26/libye-lotan-...
7/26 Libya’s stalemate shows it is time to tempt Gaddafi out, not blast him
out
www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2011/j...
7/27 West must support democracy in Arab world as it did in Central
Europe
we.riseup.net/alhurramedia+internationa...
7/28 Reporting In Libya And Dodging Bullets, Bombs
www.npr.org/2011/07/28/138603244/report...
7/28 Libya: palace intrigue replaces people power
www.spiked-online.com/index.php/site/ar...
8/8 Has Younis Killing Weakened Libyan Rebels?
www.newsnow.co.uk/h/World+News/Africa/L...
8/9 The Crisis of Humanitarian Intervention
www.commondreams.org/view/2011/08/09-2
8/23 ‘Gaddafi-friendly’ BBC blown out of the Sky with coverage of Libya conflict
www.dailymail.co.uk/debate/article-2029...
8/25 Perspective of two freelance international journalists on the Libyan revolution
http://www.youtube.com/user/freeeeelibyan#p/u/63/GaN2WrKeqnk
8/30 What the Libyan Rebels Need to Do Now That They’re in Charge - The New Republic
http://www.tnr.com/article/world/94320/libya-ntc-rebels-civil-society
8/30 Lessons and False Lessons From Libya
http://www.truth-out.org/lessons-and-false-lessons-libya/1314632243
9/4 Summary of the American and International Press on the Libyan Revolution
http://tripolipost.com/articledetail.asp?c=1&i=6828
9/4 Libya: Media on the frontlines of revolution
A look at the pictures, the media coverage and the lobbyists working behind the scenes to keep Arab leaders in power.
http://english.aljazeera.net/programmes/listeningpost/2011/09/2011938838405146.html
9/6 An act of love?
http://www.therecord.com/opinion/columns/article/588068--an-act-of-love
9/6 Assessing NATO's Mission In Libya
http://www.npr.org/2011/09/05/140198407/assessing-natos-mission-in-libya
9/6 Ex-Saddam tracker: Gaddafi not likely to leave Libya
http://in.reuters.com/article/2011/09/06/idINIndia-59173620110906
12/16 Arab Spring: Year of Protest - Arab Spring anniversary: how a lost generation found its voice
http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/dec/16/arab-spring-year-of-protest?CMP=twt_gu
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
HISTORY
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Libya: Around 7000 Years Before Gaddafi
www.youtube.com/watch?v=UuFUsn0wmcM
Libya before the war
www.youtube.com/watch?v=4qRMN4WsWuc&fea...
Old Libyan ID
http://www.flickr.com/photos/libdas_gallery/94195237/
Libya before Feb17
www.youtube.com/watch?v=pMRxtRn-cTg
Interesting bit of info/history: Timeline of Libya (from 5 century b.c. thru
April 2011)
www.ntclibya.com/InnerPage.aspx?SSID=25...
Libya: History, Geography, Government, and Culture (pre-Gaddafi)
From
Berber-Tribes pre-7thC (BCE) – 1949 Independence
(INFOPLEASE WEBSITE)
www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0107722.html?pa...
Libya: History, Geography, Government, and Culture (The Gaddafi
Years)
From 1969 – 2011 (INFOPLEASE WEBSITE)
www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0107722.html?pa...
Libya’s tribal, cultural divisions
af.reuters.com/article/egyptNews/idAFL5...
Tribes and Libya’s future
www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y8bScU_SQoM
Tripoli: The Bride of The Mediterranean
www.temehu.com/Cities_sites/Tripoli.htm
Libya – Summary Profiles
U.S. Department of State Background Note (INFOPLEASE WEBSITE)
www.infoplease.com/country/profiles/lib...
Libya – Map (a good little general-place name map) (INFOPLEASE WEBSITE)
http;//www.infoplease.com/atlas/country/libya.html
6/1 Arab spring: an interactive timeline of Middle East protests
www.guardian.co.uk/world/interactive/20...
6/18 Libyan Jewish History
www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/97...
7/18 Election in Libya (1905) before Gadafi regime
youtube.com/watch?v=VHw441Mkah8&fea...
7/18 Libya’s independence in 1950 and the arrival of the UN,,استقلال ليبيا
سنة 1950
youtube.com/watch?v=JIlNStx-wQ0&fea...
7/18 1960′s Libya: A Glimpse of Life Before
Gaddafi
lightbox.time.com/2011/07/18/1960s-liby..
7/25 Paradise until the war’: foreign medics tell of the Libya they lost –
shabablibya.org/news/paradise-until-the...
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
On Free Libya
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
8/22 As stated:
http://www.dreamandhustle.com/6657/when-you-capture-that-gadhafi-clown-put-one-more-in-him-for-african-brothas-and-sistas
8/26 Ready on Day One – James Traub
http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/08/26/ready_for_day_one
8/27 The Birth of New LIbya
http://www.economist.com/node/21526892
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
After Libya Liberation Day and G's Death
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
10/21 Gaddafi: Death of an era, dawn of an era
http://english.aljazeera.net/indepth/opinion/2011/10/2011102151443683876.html
10/28 No Tears for Gaddafi
http://allafrica.com/stories/201110280214.html
10/28 Libyan "Crossfire" - (Tongue in Cheek, good article.)
http://www.humanevents.com/article.php?id=47155
11/7 New Yorker (in advance)
http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2011/11/07/111107fa_fact_anderson#ixzz1cOOCKOPf
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
WHY DID LIBYA RISE UP IN FEBRUARY 2011???
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
- Why Libya Rose-up When It Did ?
February 15 when an arrest of the dissident Fatih Tarbel sparked the
revolt
quote from, 13/3/11 Another dead freedom fighter in Libya. This one was
family. (Daily Kos)
www.dailykos.com/story/2011/03/13/95592...
About the revolution… from a libyan doc in uk
www.imtidad-blog.com/2011/04/libyan-re-...
5/16 EARLY REV how
grieving women sparked revolution
english.libya.tv/2011/05/16/how-grievin...
www.tweetdeck.com/twitter/IbnOmar2005/~...
Ibn Omar Ibn Omar Ibn Omar
Why is #Libya protesting against #Gaddafi?
tinyurl.com/2crw9ws
this is according to the WORLD ECONOMIC FORUM.
- Libya is
ranked SEVENTH in the WORLD
in the strength of their “macroeconomic environment”. SEVENTH. go to page 216 and look.
-and what did Gaddafi’s
“Jamahuriya State” bring us
- 111th ranked in the world in institutions. 95th ranked in the world in
infrastructure. ONE HUNDRED
FIFTEENTH in health and primary education. 95th in
higher education and training. 114th in technological readiness. does this make
sense in the SEVENTH STRONGEST MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT?
furthermore according to freedomhouse.org
tinyurl.com/6yxzxvq,
we are 192nd in the
world for freedom of speech.
THIS is why there is protests in Libya. Libya
should be one of the most developed countries in the world, but instead the
people live in FEAR in a backward society. libyans
have had it once and for all, the only thing holding them back was the fear. now
its gone.
7/18 “Why are you revolting? You have everything….”? The story of our Health
Care System.
facebook.com/notes/the-free-generat...
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
REGIONALISM AND TRIBALISM – a few perspectives
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
2/22 Ghost of King Idris Fighting Gaddafi in Libya – Originally posted at
(mideastnewswire)(but the site was down at the time of retrieval, 3/4/11
www.mideastnewswire.com/idris-gaddafi
Thus Google Cache only:
webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:q46w5aSTqyQJ:www.mideastnewswire.com/idris-gaddafi+mideastnewswire+idris-gaddafi&cd=2&hl=en&ct=clnk&client=mozilla&source=www.google.com
The Article is short, so I’ll paste it here. Basically, it summarizes some of
the (mis)understandings of Libya’s cultural heritage:
Ghost of King Idris Fighting Gaddafi in Libya
Written on February 22, 2011
by Salem Muhammod in (topics: Libya)
King Idris of LibyaIn case you might have missed the news Libya has moved
from Civil Unrest to a state of Civil War. As “protesters” took control of
Benghazi yesterday, Libyan air force jets bombed civilian targets in Tripoli as
well as sniping protesters from rooftops. There have been some serious
defections from the Gaddafi regime as two fighter pilots flew to Malta instead
of butchering fellow Libyans. The real question is why is Muammar Gaddafi
putting up such a fight against his own citizens. Let’s face it, there is one
thing to send riot police to battle protesters as Mubarak did, but fighting the
“protesters” as if they are an enemy army smacks of a brutality little seen in
the world today.
To understand what is going on in Libya, one must have at least a general
background knowledge of its make up. “Colonel” Gaddafi took over Libya 40 years
ago at the age of 27 he did so as part of a group of Junior army officers. He
dethroned King Idris and reduced the Crown Prince to the level of a “peasant.”
Libya, being a product of European colonial expansion in North Africa is really
three tribal areas smacked together. These three formally separate areas
Tripolitania, Fezzan, and Cyrenaica were combined to make what is known today as
Libya. Now you can probably guess that these tribal areas don’t really like each
other so much.
What makes this important also is that King Idris (born Sayyid Muhammad Idris
bin Sayyid Muhammad al-Mahdi al-Senussi), the first and only king of Libya was
from Cyrenaica a distinct region in Eastern Libya. He had been appointed Amir of
Cyrenaica by the British and had fought for an Independent Cyrenaica. When the
three regions of Tripolitania, Fezzan, and Cyrenaica merged in 1951 and gained
independence from Italy he became King.
Gaddafi was born in Sert and was not a Cyrenian, but rather from the region
of Tripolitania. Qaddafi and those in his support base are from Tripolitania
region and are of a different tribal make up than those in Cyrenaica. When
Qaddafi overthrew the King he essentially was taking away power from the tribes
in Cyrenaica and placing the power with his tribes in Tripolitania.
What’s going on today is that those tribes and and indigenous Berbers located
in the Eastern half of Libya known as Cyrenaica have decided to take back what
is rightfully theirs and what Gaddafi and the tribes backing him have stolen
from them. These are no “protesters” but Libyans belonging to oppressed classes
and tribes that are willing to fight to return back to the seat of power of the
country that was once theirs. This is why Gaddafi is fighting so strongly. He
doesn’t consider them part of “His” Libya and is frightened at Cyrenians gaining
control of the country.
More than that and something to ponder, but these types of conflicts would
have and could have been avoided if boundaries in the modern post colonial
Africa would have respected tribal allegiances and not the interests of foreign
powers.
3/21 Libya: Cyrenaica vs. Tripolitania? by John R. Houk – The NeoConservative
Christian Right – Neoconservative Politics and Christian Right – (WORDPRESS
BLOG)
oneway2day.wordpress.com/2011/03/21/lib...
2/24 Libya’s Split Between Cyrenaica and Tripolitania – (STRATFOR – Global Intelligence)
This article is only available for emailed access via:
www.stratfor.com/memberships/185873/geo...
or a Google Cache version here:
webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:-cGLvd6csGEJ:www.stratfor.com/geopolitical_diary/20110223-libyas-split-between-cyrenaica-and-tripolitania+stratfor+Libya%92s+Split+Between+Cyrenaica+and+Tripolitania&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&source=www.google.com
Or
you can read it Here
Libya’s Split Between Cyrenaica and Tripolitania
Compared to the past few days in Libya that were marked by aerial
bombardments on opposition strongholds, bizarre speeches by Libyan leader
Moammar Gadhafi and deadly clashes between protesters and African mercenaries,
Wednesday was eerily quiet in the North African country.
The reason behind this apparent sense of quietude is because Libya is
currently stuck in a historical east-west stalemate, with the threat of civil
war looming.
The Gadhafi regime has effectively lost control of the east, where opposition
forces are concentrated in and around the cities of Benghazi and Al Baida. The
opposition is also encroaching on Libya’s dividing line, the energy-critical
Gulf of Sidra, with the directors of several subsidiaries of the state-owned
National Oil Corporation announcing they were splitting from Gadhafi and joining
the people.
To the west, Gadhafi and his remaining allies appear to be digging in for a
fight. Residents in Tripoli, many of whom turned on Gadhafi after witnessing the
gratuitous violence used on protesters, are reportedly stockpiling arms, unsure
of what will come next, but expecting the worst.
A swath of nearly 500 miles of desert lies between the opposition and Gadhafi
strongholds. And herein lies the historical challenge in ruling Libya: the split
between ancient Tripolitania and Cyrenaica. The Cyrenaica region has a long and
rich history, dating back to the 7th Century B.C. This is a region that has seen
many rulers, including Greeks, Romans, Persians, Egyptians, Ottomans, Italians
and British, and has long been at odds with the rival power base of
Tripolitania, founded by the Phoenicians. At the time of Libya’s independence
and through the reign of King Idris I (whose base of power was Cyrenaica), Libya
was ruled by two capitals, Tripoli in the west and Benghazi in the east. For
most Cyrenaics, Benghazi — and not Tripoli — is seen as their true capital.
It was not until Col. Moammar Gadhafi’s 1969 military coup that overthrew the
monarchy that the Tripolitanians could truly claim dominance over the fledgling
Libyan state. But in a country divided by myriad dialects, tribes and ancient
histories, Tripolitanian power could only be held through a complex alliance of
tribes, the army’s loyalty and an iron fist.
Gadhafi thus finds himself in a serious dilemma, with what appears to be a
winnowing number of army units and tribes remaining loyal to him in Tripoli and
Sirte, his tribal homeland located on the western edge of the Gulf of Sidra.
Under such circumstances, it is difficult to see how Gadhafi will be able to
project power militarily to the east to retake the resource-rich territory and
ultimately save his regime. It is equally difficult at the moment to imagine a
contingent of opposition forces from the east charging across the desert and
successfully retaking Tripoli. Even if a coup is attempted by Tripolitanians in
the west against Gadhafi, the successor will face an extraordinary challenge in
trying to exert control over the rest of the country to resolve the east-west
split. When it comes to the Tripolitania-Cyrenaica divide, neither side is
likely to make a move until they feel confident about their ability to co-opt or
destroy enough forces on the enemy side.
A period of negotiations must first take place, as the Cyrenaica-based
opposition forces attempt to reach a political understanding with forces already
in Tripoli, who may already have ideas of their own on how to eliminate Gadhafi.
That way, if they do move forces, they will at least have prior arrangements
that they are not going to be challenged and ideally can be logistically
supported from stocks in Tripoli. This explains the current quietude, as each
side maneuvers in negotiations and conserves forces.
Whether those negotiations actually lead somewhere is another question.
Gadhafi may be losing more credibility by the day, but he appears to be gambling
on two things: that he can retain enough military and tribal support to make the
cost of invading Tripoli too high for the opposition to attempt, and that the
foreign bystanders to this conflict will be too fearful of the consequences of
his regime collapsing.
The fear of the unknown is what is keeping the main external stakeholders in
this conflict in limbo at the moment. From the U.S. president to the CEO of Italian energy firm ENI,
nobody appears willing to rush a regime collapse that could very well result in
civil war. This may explain the notably vague statements coming out of Tuesday’s
U.N. Security Council meetings that focused on condemning the violence and not
much else, as well as U.S. President Barack Obama’s statement on Wednesday, in
which he said, “I have asked my administration to prepare a full range of
options. This includes unilateral options, those with partners and those with
international organizations.”
It is no coincidence that to this day, not a single leading opposition figure
in Libya can be named. This is a testament to Gadhafi’s strategy of
consolidating power: to prevent the creation of alternative bases of power and
keep the institutions around him, including the army, deliberately weak. Without
a clear alternative, and with Libya fundamentally divided, there is no Plan B
for the Gadhafi regime that generates much enthusiasm.
And so we wait. Opposition forces in the east will conduct quiet negotiations
in the west to determine who will defect and who will resist; the United States
and Italy will be lobbied endlessly by the opposition to enforce a no-fly zone
over the country; the external powers will continue to deliberate among a
severely limited number of bad options; and Gadhafi and his remaining allies
will dig in for the fight.
If neither side can acquire the force strength to make a move, Libya will
return to its historic split between Tripolitania and Cyrenaica with separate
bases of power. If one side takes a gamble and makes a move, civil war is likely
to ensue. Sometimes it really is that simple.
3/30 The myth of tribal Libya: Portraying Libya as ‘tribal’ is not only wrong
– it dismisses the notion that our uprising has anything to do with national
dignity (THE GUARDIAN –
COMMENTS)
www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2011/m...
5/2 Tribes to play a role in future of Libya, but not the whole picture
feb17.info/news/clans-to-help-shape-lib...
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
NON-VIOLENT CONFLICT RESOLUTION (not this time….)
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
3/29 Hamza Yusuf on Tyrants and Dictators
www.youtube.com/watch?v=lFhBoHTIR00
4/2 peacebuilding model
www.csmonitor.com/World/Global-Issues/2...
NON-VIOLENCE THEORY
Gene Sharp on Dictatorship to Democracy
aeinstein.org/organizations49f3.html
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
LIBYAN STUDENTS ABROAD
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
4/23 LIBYAN STUDENTS in
US and Canada etc etc without funding now
youtube.com/watch?v=B1GLA67DtMQ&
5/7 Libyan students in us face deportation
www.9news.com/news/article/197366/339/L...
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
LIBYA'S FUTURE
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
4/27 Long-term planning wael natah
english.libya.tv/2011/04/27/visions-of-…
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
PRE- NO FLY ZONE
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
3/2 AJE – Debating the no-fly zone –
Features
english.aljazeera.net/indepth/features/…
3/7 USA & NATO
Insurrection and Military Intervention: The US-NATO
Attempted Coup d’Etat in Libya?
globalresearch.ca/index.php?context...
3/8 NPR – A Tug Of War Over U.S. Military Options
In Libya
npr.org/2011/03/08/134367056/a-tug-...
3/10 France wants NFZ – Letter from the PM and
President Sarkozy to President Van Rompuy
number10.gov.uk/news/statements-and...
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
ANTI-INTERVENTIONIST ARGUMENTS
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
3/12 After Bombing Libya, What Now?
huffingtonpost.com/eric-margolis/af...
3/30 ? Chinese President Criticizes France About Libya Bombing Chinese
President Hu Jintao has warned that coalition airstrikes on Libya could violate
the spirit of the UN resolution on the North African country if civilians are
killed in the process.
voanews.com/english/news/Chinese-Pr...
3/? Brazil’s opinion
english.aljazeera.net/indepth/opinion/2…
3/? Al-Queda, Al-infinitum
csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/201...
4/2 (What’s with the Cockburns?)
independent.co.uk/opinion/commentat...
4/2 a not-so-pretty picture, clearly biased, but, how much is true??? Asia
times
atimes.com/atimes/Middle_East/MD02A...=...&at_xt=4d97f2085f26a027,0
5/18 Britain has slid into every interventionist fallacy
guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2011/m...
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
OTHER MISCELLANEOUS INTERNATIONAL SUBJECTS and ANALYSES
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
3/11 After Bombing Libya, What Now? (The Huffington Post) Senoussi Tribe
mentioned
www.huffingtonpost.com/eric-margolis/af...
4/02 The accordion war: Why does the front in Libya keep moving back and
forth?
revolutionology.wordpress.com/2011/04/0...
4/12 Fareed on the de facto partition of Libya
globalpublicsquare.blogs.cnn.com/2011/0...
4/12 INTERNATIONAL – on the ethics of engagement
with dictatorships – Saif and Dani Rodrik
project-syndicate.org/commentary/ro...
4/26 Libya: Why John McCain Thinks the West Can Still Win
mcaf.ee/mj5ev
4/27 Long-term planning wael natah
english.libya.tv/2011/04/27/visions-of-...
5/03 Room to Grow: Free Libya’s Emergent Civil Society (blog)
“Who’s
actually running things in free Libya?”
blog.bridging-the-divide.org/news/room-...
Libya’s postponed democracy
english.aljazeera.net/indepth/opinion/2…
APRIL Car wars: Roadmaps to Libya’s ground
conflict
english.aljazeera.net/indepth/opinion/2…
(date?) Special from Libya: Expectations high for rebel advance on easte
front.
“We expect a sudden collapse of the Qadhafi regime,” says Suleiman.
“You may hear it at any time. His inner circle is so small and
constricted.”
almasryalyoum.com/en/node/439777
5/17 East Libyans split on foreign troop intervention, Libyans in rebel-held
areas are split over whether they would accept foreign troops on their soil,
with most only willing to accept their presence in a supporting
role.
af.reuters.com/article/libyaNews/idAFLD…
5/17 Editorial // Libya: Caught in a vice – Airstrikes and arrest warrants
may suggest the jaws are closing around Gaddafi – but they could just as easily
be losing their grip
guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2011/m...
5/17 Opinion – Assad 10 years on, from Peter Mandelson, House of Lords,
UK
guardian.co.uk/world/2011/may/17/as...
5/17 Opinion Article – Writing the Middle East’s new narrative
www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/writing...
5/18 ? Abdel Basset Ali al-Megrahi, is the only person who was convicted in
the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 on Dec. 21, 1988. On Aug. 20, 2009, the
Scottish government released him on compassionate
grounds.
topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timest…
5/19 Analysis – The Limits of Military Force
nytimes.com/2011/05/19/opinion/19ih...
5/19 Analysis- The Killing Seas
nytimes.com/2011/05/19/opinion/19lu...
5/18 Analysis – In the Theatre of the Absurd, Libya Now Takes Centre
Stage
newdawnmagazine.com/articles/in-the...
5/23/2011 USA, analysis of US role
video.foxnews.com/v/956116606001/sen-mc...
5/27 Cameron: ‘Momentum building against Gaddafi’
www.youtube.com/watch?v=8vGjtyVeHxk
6/2 LIBYA – Not war at all? Analysis
guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/cifame...
6/19 The Revolution Business – World : Democratic change has been demanded across the Middle East. But was what seems like a spontaneous revolution actually a strategically planned event, fabricated by ‘revolution consultants’ long in advance?……..(This is roughly 1/2 hr, docu)
www.youtube.com/watch?v=lpXbA6yZY-8&fea...
6/29 Google chairman warns of censorship after Arab Spring
www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-1393...
6/30 Editorial The Libya Campai
www.nytimes.com/2011/07/01/opinion/01fr...
6.30 Analysts blame faulty assumptions for prolonged Libya war
edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/06/29...
7/2 Op Ed: How to depose Kadafi
feb17.info/editorials/how-to-depose-kad...
“The Least Free Places on Earth, 2011” full report here:
t.co/Ua87zUv
#Libya is second only to NORTH Korea.or
www.freedomhouse.org/uploads/special_re...
7/5 Is the endgame near in Libya?
news.yahoo.com/endgame-near-libya-10350...
7/5 Op-Ed: Libya – The Stolen Revolution
www.digitaljournal.com/article/308744
7/5 FRUSTRATION AS FIGHTERS WAIT FOR NEXT MOVE:NATO BELIEVES GADDAFI WILL BE FINISHED WITHIN THE NEXT 100 DAYS:
www.petercliffordonline.com/libya
7/5 Libya’s amazing disappearing dictator
fullcomment.nationalpost.com/2011/07/05...
7/8 Carmichael Resident Speaks on Revolution in Libya
carmichael.patch.com/articles/carmichae...
7/12 / At a glance: Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
www.unicef.org/infobycountry/laj_59204....
7/13 Preparing for a new Libya
www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/prepari...
7/18 ‘Gaddafi ruthless, Egyptian army can help get rid of him’
youtube.com/watch?v=PNsWkdRmtR4&
7/18 Free Libya’s new airport: a mountain
highway
cencio4.wordpress.com/2011/07/18/free-l…
7/20 So who are Libya’s rebels exactly? With the US expanding ties – and
possibly aid – to the Libyan rebels fighting Muammar Qaddafi, it’s a question a
lot of people are asking. But it isn’t an easy one to answer.
feb17.info/news/so-who-are-libyas-rebel...
7/21 Qaddafi could step down and stay? That’s not going to happen.
www.csmonitor.com/World/Backchannels/20...
7/21 Analysis: Diplomacy struggles to break Libya standoff
www.reuters.com/article/2011/07/21/us-l...
7/22 Covering The Ongoing Struggle In Libya
www.npr.org/2011/07/22/138619934/coveri...
7/22 Analysis: Diplomacy struggles to break Libya standoff
news.yahoo.com/analysis-diplomacy-strug...
7/22 Diplomacy fails to resolve Libyan crisis
arabnews.com/opinion/columns/article476...
7/22 Aujali: ‘I Don’t Believe Gadhafi Will Go Alive"
www.youtube.com/watch?v=2VsNnw8Ot3M&
7/23 Technical woes may delay Libya oil restart
www.marketwatch.com/story/technical-woe...
7/24 Patrick Cockburn: Nato in Libya has failed to learn costly lessons of
Afghanistan
www.independent.co.uk/opinion/commentat...
7/25 When Dictators Shoot Back
www.newsweek.com/2011/07/24/has-arab-sp...
7/26 Libye – L’Otan est dans une « impasse »: aveu….de l’Otan.(NATO
is in a “stalemate”: admitted …. NATO)
allainjules.com/2011/07/26/libye-lotan-...
7/26 Libya’s stalemate shows it is time to tempt Gaddafi out, not blast him
out
www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2011/j...
7/27 West must support democracy in Arab world as it did in Central
Europe
we.riseup.net/alhurramedia+internationa...
7/28 Reporting In Libya And Dodging Bullets, Bombs
www.npr.org/2011/07/28/138603244/report...
7/28 Libya: palace intrigue replaces people power
www.spiked-online.com/index.php/site/ar...
8/8 Has Younis Killing Weakened Libyan Rebels?
www.newsnow.co.uk/h/World+News/Africa/L...
8/9 The Crisis of Humanitarian Intervention
www.commondreams.org/view/2011/08/09-2
8/23 ‘Gaddafi-friendly’ BBC blown out of the Sky with coverage of Libya conflict
www.dailymail.co.uk/debate/article-2029...
8/25 Perspective of two freelance international journalists on the Libyan revolution
http://www.youtube.com/user/freeeeelibyan#p/u/63/GaN2WrKeqnk
8/30 What the Libyan Rebels Need to Do Now That They’re in Charge - The New Republic
http://www.tnr.com/article/world/94320/libya-ntc-rebels-civil-society
8/30 Lessons and False Lessons From Libya
http://www.truth-out.org/lessons-and-false-lessons-libya/1314632243
9/4 Summary of the American and International Press on the Libyan Revolution
http://tripolipost.com/articledetail.asp?c=1&i=6828
9/4 Libya: Media on the frontlines of revolution
A look at the pictures, the media coverage and the lobbyists working behind the scenes to keep Arab leaders in power.
http://english.aljazeera.net/programmes/listeningpost/2011/09/2011938838405146.html
9/6 An act of love?
http://www.therecord.com/opinion/columns/article/588068--an-act-of-love
9/6 Assessing NATO's Mission In Libya
http://www.npr.org/2011/09/05/140198407/assessing-natos-mission-in-libya
9/6 Ex-Saddam tracker: Gaddafi not likely to leave Libya
http://in.reuters.com/article/2011/09/06/idINIndia-59173620110906
12/16 Arab Spring: Year of Protest - Arab Spring anniversary: how a lost generation found its voice
http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/dec/16/arab-spring-year-of-protest?CMP=twt_gu